Prioritization of the Causes of Flight Delays in Air Transportation Using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Methods: Vikor and Copras Approach

Abstract

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to systematically analyze the factors causing flight delays in air transportation and to determine their relative importance by prioritizing them using Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) methods. Considering the operational disruptions, cost increases and customer dissatisfaction resulting from delays, an analytical model has been developed to support Decision Makers (DMs).
Design/methodology/approach – In the study, the decision matrix constructed based on expert opinions was analyzed using the VIKOR and COPRAS methods. In order to test the consistency of the methods, H1 and H2 hypotheses were examined. Additionally, the consistency of the ranking results obtained from the two methods was tested using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient.
Results – The analysis results indicate that weather conditions and technical failures are the most significant factors contributing to flight delays. It was determined that the rankings obtained from both methods largely overlap and exhibit a high level of positive correlation.
Discussion – The findings demonstrate that weather conditions and technical failures are critical determinants affecting operational planning. Although investments in advanced meteorological forecasting systems and predictive maintenance practices may help reduce delay risks, these recommendations are not directly empirically tested outcomes of the study but rather managerial implications derived from the interpretation of the findings. The study proposes an integrated evaluation model that provides decision support for airline and airport managers.